The decision making process

Planning applications have to be decided in line with the relevant local planning authority’s (LPA) development plan – unless there is a very good reason not to do so.

The development plan incorporates the local development plan for that area, and must have regard to Future Wales: The National Plan 2040. For more information about the national plan and local development plans, please see our guidance on the planning system¹. National planning policies, such as those contained in minerals planning policy Wales, technical advice notes and circulars are material considerations.

When deciding whether a planning application is in line with its Development Plan, the LPA will consider the following:

• The number, size, layout, siting and external appearance of buildings
• The infrastructure available – e.g. roads and water supply – and proposed means of access
• Any landscaping requirements
• The proposed use of the development
• The likely impact on the surrounding area

The below process diagram shows the decision-making process of an application for planning permission, from creation to decision.

Minor planning applications are usually decided solely by a senior planning officer at the LPA – after taking into account any comments received.

Otherwise, a planning officer will present a recommended decision to a planning committee – made up of elected councillors. You are allowed to attend these meetings and, in many cases, are also entitled to speak briefly to make your views known.

Only the elected councillors can vote on the planning application itself. They do not always follow the planning officer's advice.

Councillors or planning officers cannot refuse a planning proposal simply because many people oppose it. If an application is refused – or granted subject to conditions – that decision must be based on the approved plans and policies of the LPA's development plan.

The key considerations will be whether the proposal would unacceptably affect amenities and the existing use of land and buildings which ought to be protected in the public interest.

Once a decision has been reached, the LPA must give either a summary of its reasons for granting permission, or detailed reasons for a refusal.

If an application is refused – or granted subject to conditions – the applicant will be told in writing. They then have the right to appeal.

1. https://www.planningportal.co.uk/wales/planning/about-the-planning-system/local-plans